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Diffusion-weighted MR imaging is now widely available and is becoming increasingly valued in the neuroimaging arena, a group of UK radiologists has asserted.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) is now widely available and is becoming increasingly valued in the neuroimaging arena, a group of UK radiologists has asserted [1].

In fact, it may be beneficial to include DWI sequences in MR protocols for all acute and subacute neurological indications, they professed.

They described DWI as "a powerful tool" and noted that sequences require under a minute on most 1.5T systems, adding little to the imaging time.

The chief neurological indication for DWI is the identification of acute ischemia in stroke. However, looking at cortical diffusion restriction in particular, the physicians noted a range of conditions where DWI may offer valuable information; for example, the post-ictal state, CJD and Herpes simplex encephalitis.

Greater sensitivity of the cortical grey matter to hypoxia and changes in energy balance may explain the restricted diffusion seen with both ischemia and the post-ictal state, they said, adding: "The clinical context and anatomical distribution of the changes are useful in distinguishing between the different conditions."

They group summated: "Given the short time taken to perform a DWI sequence, the argument can be made for including it in MR protocols for all acute and subacute neurological indications."

[1] Differential diagnosis of restricted diffusion confined to the cerebral cortex
Clin Radiol 2008; Article in press